Introduction

Orthodontic treatment is not free of risk, and one of the most common complications is OIIRR.

Aim

This study aims to present the etiology and management methods in cases where OIIRR is detected, based on current guidelines, considering available research findings, potential risk factors, and patient groups with an increased risk of developing OIIRR.

Material and methods

A review of the available literature was conducted using dental literature and the PubMed database, including articles published in Polish and English.

Results

The etiology of root resorption during orthodontic treatment is not fully understood. Factors that may influence the development of orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption include genetic predisposition, root shape and length, patient age, type of appliance, treatment duration, and the treatment technique. Due to uncertainty regarding the influence of specific treatment-related risk factors on the development of OIIRR, every patient should be informed about the risk of this complication before the start of orthodontic treatment. Radiological examinations after 6–9 months may help predict the risk of further resorption, especially in teeth with atypical root morphology. The earlier the problem is detected, the more favorable the long-term prognosis.

Conclusions

Further research is necessary to better understand the causes, risk factors, management, and prevention of resorption during orthodontic treatment, as it remains a common complication. Current guidelines allow the management of this condition to be standardized across different clinics.