A review of available treatments for eruption disorders of permanent mandibular second molars

Malwina Wasiak-Walczyna; Monika Kucharska; Wiktoria Bójko; Agnieszka Świątkowska; Agnieszka Lasota

doi:10.5114/for.2025.158769

Abstract

4/2025 vol. 21

Review article

A review of available treatments for eruption disorders of permanent mandibular second molars

Malwina Wasiak-Walczyna ¹

,

Monika Kucharska ²

,

Wiktoria Bójko ³

,

Agnieszka Świątkowska ⁴

,

Agnieszka Lasota ⁴

Outpatient Clinic of Jaw Orthopedics, University Dental Center of Lublin
Private practice in Wyszków
University Dental Center of Lublin
Department of Jaw Orthopedics, Medical University in Lublin

Forum Ortod 2025; 21 (4): 216-26

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/for.2025.158769

Online publish date: 2025/12/29

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AMA

Wasiak-Walczyna M, Kucharska M, Bójko W, Świątkowska A, Lasota A. A review of available treatments for eruption disorders of permanent mandibular second molars. Forum Ortodontyczne / Orthodontic Forum. 2025;21(4):216-226. doi:10.5114/for.2025.158769.

APA

Wasiak-Walczyna, M., Kucharska, M., Bójko, W., Świątkowska, A., & Lasota, A. (2025). A review of available treatments for eruption disorders of permanent mandibular second molars. Forum Ortodontyczne / Orthodontic Forum, 21(4), 216-226. https://doi.org/10.5114/for.2025.158769

Chicago

Wasiak-Walczyna, Malwina, Monika Kucharska, Wiktoria Bójko, Agnieszka Świątkowska, and Agnieszka Lasota. 2025. "A review of available treatments for eruption disorders of permanent mandibular second molars". Forum Ortodontyczne / Orthodontic Forum 21 (4): 216-226. doi:10.5114/for.2025.158769.

Harvard

Wasiak-Walczyna, M., Kucharska, M., Bójko, W., Świątkowska, A., and Lasota, A. (2025). A review of available treatments for eruption disorders of permanent mandibular second molars. Forum Ortodontyczne / Orthodontic Forum, 21(4), pp.216-226. https://doi.org/10.5114/for.2025.158769

MLA

Wasiak-Walczyna, Malwina et al. "A review of available treatments for eruption disorders of permanent mandibular second molars." Forum Ortodontyczne / Orthodontic Forum, vol. 21, no. 4, 2025, pp. 216-226. doi:10.5114/for.2025.158769.

Vancouver

Wasiak-Walczyna M, Kucharska M, Bójko W, Świątkowska A, Lasota A. A review of available treatments for eruption disorders of permanent mandibular second molars. Forum Ortodontyczne / Orthodontic Forum. 2025;21(4):216-226. doi:10.5114/for.2025.158769.

Abstract

A review of available treatments for eruption disorders of permanent mandibular second molars

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